Search results for " Heuristics"

AUDIENCE SUPPORT DECISIONS IN IN THE AFTERMATH OF A SOCIAL SCANDAL: THE ROLES OF LEGITIMACY AND REPUTATION

2014

Constituent audience evaluations and decisions regarding whether to continue to support a corporation after it has been perceived as culpable for socially irresponsible behaviour following corporate social irresponsibility (CSI) scandals are coin of the realm in selecting which firms (or which parts of a firm) will be able to survive a CSI-scandal. Research has largely taken for granted that CSI leads to the loss of corporate legitimacy and, consequently, of constituent audience support. Though legitimacy may be reconstructed, empirics suggest this is a necessary but insufficient condition for the maintenance of audience support. Adopting the evaluators’ perspective, this study focuses on t…

Understanding social behavior evolutions through agent-based modeling

2012

Agent-based social simulation as a computational approach to social simulation has been largely used to explore social phenomena. The purpose of this paper is to describe a theoretical model of transmission and evolution of social behaviors in a network of artificial societies (artificial world) using agent-based modeling technology. In this model, each agent (society) is subdivided into social behaviors where individual and social learning occur. The agent-agent interactions are carried out by their social behaviors; otherwise the agent-environment interactions through consumption of ecological resources by its social behaviors in repression and satisfaction. We distinguish social behavior…

Can We Do Better Next Time? Italians' Response to the COVID-19 Emergency through a Heuristics and Biases Lens.

2022

During the outbreak of COVID-19 in Italy, people often failed to adopt behaviors that could have stopped, or at least slowed down, the spread of this deadly disease. We offer cognitive explanations for these decisions, based on some of the most common heuristics and biases that are known to influence human judgment and decision-making, especially under conditions of high uncertainty. Our analysis concludes with the following recommendations: policymakers can and should take advantage of this established science, in order to communicate more effectively and increase the likelihood that people choose responsible actions in a public health crisis.

Communities of Communication: Making Sense of the “Social” in Social Media

2012

As social media usage permeates people's lives, an increasing portion of their daily behavior leaves digital traces to be used by researchers. Social scientists can hope to gain new insight into the previously hidden but digitally recorded aspects of our digital social lives. Beyond aggregate and individual-level studies of user behavior, the digital traces also enable scientific examination of the structure of social interaction through networks. At the same time, the large scale and networked nature of social media data pose a new set of challenges to be overcome through the development of sound methodologies. We take stock of current methodological promises and challenges in social media…

Usability of ERP Error Messages

2014

Usability of complex information system like enterprise resource planning (ERP) system is still a challenging area. This is why many usability problems have been found in the ERP system. In this article, we tried to highlight the 21 usability problems in ERP error messages by using Nielsen’s heuristics and inquiry questionnaire methods. Nielsen’s heuristics is a better for finding a large number of unique usability problems in different areas. The inquiry questionnaire method has some constraints, but it is useful for comprehending how the actual end-users perceive an application. peerReviewed

A Simulation-based Performance Evaluation of Heuristics for Dew Computing

2021

A Task Execution Scheme for Dew Computing with State-of-the-Art Smartphones

2021

The computing resources of today’s smartphones are underutilized most of the time. Using these resources could be highly beneficial in edge computing and fog computing contexts, for example, to support urban services for citizens. However, new challenges, especially regarding job scheduling, arise. Smartphones may form ad hoc networks, but individual devices highly differ in computational capabilities and (tolerable) energy usage. We take into account these particularities to validate a task execution scheme that relies on the computing power that clusters of mobile devices could provide. In this paper, we expand the study of several practical heuristics for job scheduling including executi…

Greedy and K-Greedy algoritmhs for multidimensional data association

2011

[EN] The multidimensional assignment (MDA) problem is a combinatorial optimization problem arising in many applications, for instance multitarget tracking (MTT). The objective of an MDA problem of dimension $d\in\Bbb{N}$ is to match groups of $d$ objects in such a way that each measurement is associated with at most one track and each track is associated with at most one measurement from each list, optimizing a certain objective function. It is well known that the MDA problem is NP-hard for $d\geq3$. In this paper five new polynomial time heuristics to solve the MDA problem arising in MTT are presented. They are all based on the semi-greedy approach introduced in earlier research. Experimen…

Dal quartetto alla jam session: strategie conversazionali e razionalità

2020

In questo articolo sosterrò che le nostre concezioni di linguaggio e comunicazione mutano in funzione dell’accezione di razionalità che viene assunta. In particolare, mostrerò come ad un modello di razionalità olimpica e assoluta – ovvero ad un modello di animale umano che ragiona seguendo le leggi della logica formale – corrisponda una concezione della comunicazione esemplificata dall’immagine del quartetto, un complesso musicale in cui quattro musicisti suonano insieme seguendo delle regole fisse e stabilite prima di iniziare a suonare. Questa immagine sembra ben rispecchiare i modelli di comunicazione proposti da Paul Grice e Jurgen Habermas,dominanti nello studio del linguaggio fino agl…

The nature of security and risk in complex socio-technical systems : a partial application of Critical Systems Heuristics (CSH) to Finnish Security S…

2011

Tämä tutkimus selventää suhteita turvallisuuden, riskien sekä kompleksisten sosio-teknisten järjestelmien välillä. Käsittely tapahtuu pääosin yhteiskunnallisella tasolla, mutta eri järjestelmiä ja niiden yleisiä sekä teoreettisia perusrakenteita tarkastellaan kokonaisuuden ymmärtämiseksi paremmin. Samalla pyritään parantamaan käsitystä niistä monista yhteisvaikutuksista joita eri järjestelmillä on toisiinsa ja miten ne vaikuttavat turvallisuuteen. Turvallisuus on tunnistettu olevan suhteellista ja käyttäytyvät eri tavalla todellisissa avoimissa järjestelmissä ja avoimessa järjestelmien ympäristössä, verrattuna yksinkertaisiin järjestelmiin. Teknologia on alati läsnä nykyaikaisissa kehittyne…